Cytochrome P450

Superfamily of hepatic enzymes responsible for phase 1 detoxification. Cytochrome P450 catalyse oxidation reactions that transform fat-soluble substances into more reactive metabolites, prepared for phase 2 conjugation. They metabolise the vast majority of drugs, steroid hormones and many environmental pollutants. Their activity can be induced or inhibited by certain foods (grapefruit juice, broccoli, alcohol) and drugs, significantly modifying efficacy and toxicity.